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                        <h1 _msttexthash="23532249" _msthash="1">了解螺栓载荷</h1>
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                                <p class="abstract" _msttexthash="1018097054" _msthash="2">
                                  螺栓载荷模拟螺栓或紧固件中的拧紧力或长度调整。例如，<a class="xref"
                                    href="https://abaqus-docs.mit.edu/2017/English/SIMACAECAERefMap/simacae-c-advboltloadsunderstand.htm#simacae-c-advboltloadsunderstand__simacae-advboltexa"
                                    _istranslated="1">图 1</a> 显示了一个容器
                                  （A），该容器通过拧紧固定盖子的螺栓来密封，从而将垫圈置于压力之下。</p>
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                <div class="body conbody smaconcept-body">
                  <div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="fignone fig"
                    id="simacae-c-advboltloadsunderstand__simacae-advboltexa"><span xmlns="" class="figcap"
                      _msttexthash="39422760" _msthash="3">图1.预张紧螺栓建模。</span>
                    <br><img xmlns="" class="image" src="blogpic/lbi-boltexample-nls.png"><br>
                  </div>
                  <p _msttexthash="3219470696" _msthash="4">
                    您可以通过在分析的第一步中对每个螺栓施加螺栓载荷来模拟拧紧螺栓中的张力。根据集中力或规定的长度变化来定义载荷，并在指定的螺栓横截面曲面上施加载荷。在后面的步骤中，您可以修改载荷以防止进一步的长度变化，以便螺栓充当标准的可变形构件，以响应组件上的其他载荷。
                  </p>
                  <p _msttexthash="104880100" _msthash="5">创建螺栓载荷时，必须指定以下内容：</p>
                  <dl class="dl variablelist">
                    <dt xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="dlterm dt varlistterm"
                      _msttexthash="44824988" _msthash="6">定义螺栓横截面的曲面</dt>
      
                    <dd xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="dd varlistitem">
                      <p xmlns="" _msttexthash="699620506" _msthash="7"><span
                          xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="ph"
                          _istranslated="1">Abaqus/CAE</span> 在指定的截面曲面上施加螺栓载荷。定义螺栓横截面的曲面必须穿过螺栓几何。<span
                          xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="ph"
                          _istranslated="1">Abaqus/CAE</span> 在该位置创建一个<span
                          xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="ph quote"
                          _istranslated="1">内</span>表面。</p>
                      <p xmlns="" _msttexthash="860667054" _msthash="8">
                        如果使用由本机几何或导入几何构成的螺栓零件实例，则通常需要在要定义横截面的位置分割螺栓。例如，在<a class="xref"
                          href="https://abaqus-docs.mit.edu/2017/English/SIMACAECAERefMap/simacae-c-advboltloadsunderstand.htm#simacae-c-advboltloadsunderstand__simacae-advgeomboltfig"
                          _istranslated="1">图 2</a> 中选择一个分区作为螺栓横截面。</p>
                      <div class="fignone fig" id="simacae-c-advboltloadsunderstand__simacae-advgeomboltfig">
                        <span xmlns="" class="figcap" _msttexthash="56798001"
                          _msthash="9">图2.使用分区指定螺栓截面。</span>
                        <br><img xmlns="" class="image" src="blogpic/lbi-geombolt.png"><br>
                      </div>
      
                      <p xmlns="" _msttexthash="679385369" _msthash="10">
                        如果使用孤立网格元素，则必须通过选取元素面来指定横截面曲面。例如，单元面定义了<a class="xref"
                          href="https://abaqus-docs.mit.edu/2017/English/SIMACAECAERefMap/simacae-c-advboltloadsunderstand.htm#simacae-c-advboltloadsunderstand__simacae-advmeshboltfig"
                          _istranslated="1">图 3</a> 中所示网格零件的横截面表面。</p>
                      <div class="fignone fig" id="simacae-c-advboltloadsunderstand__simacae-advmeshboltfig">
                        <span xmlns="" class="figcap" _msttexthash="66241318"
                          _msthash="11">图3.使用单元面指定螺栓截面。</span>
                        <br><img xmlns="" class="image" src="blogpic/lbi-meshbolt.png"><br>
                      </div>
      
                      <p xmlns="" _msttexthash="2488443139" _msthash="12">
                        元件面只需要从预紧部分一侧的元件中选择。可以使用显示组从视口中移除所选元素，以显示横截面曲面的元素面。有关选择曲面的详细信息，请参阅<a class="xref"
                          href="https://abaqus-docs.mit.edu/2017/English/SIMACAECAERefMap/simacae-m-Pic-sb.htm"
                          title="This chapter explains how to select objects that appear within a viewport, such as nodes, elements, vertices, edges, faces, and cells."
                          _istranslated="1">在视口中选择对象</a>。有关在导线零件实例上选取曲面的详细信息，请参见<a class="xref"
                          href="https://abaqus-docs.mit.edu/2017/English/SIMACAECAERefMap/simacae-c-picconcside.htm"
                          _istranslated="1">指定区域的特定侧或端点</a>。</p>
                      <p _msttexthash="12761970" _msthash="13">注意：</p>
                      <p _msttexthash="533906698" _msthash="14">
                        只能将螺栓载荷应用于三维实体、二维实体和三维线零件实例。不支持二维和轴对称导线零件实例上的螺栓载荷。</p>
                      <p></p>
                      <p></p>
                    </dd>
      
      
                    <dt xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="dlterm dt varlistterm"
                      _msttexthash="10229466" _msthash="15">螺栓轴</dt>
      
                    <dd xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="dd varlistitem">
                      <p xmlns="" _msttexthash="1860116791" _msthash="16">
                        如果要在实体区域上定义螺栓载荷，则必须选取基准轴或基准坐标系中指示螺栓轴方向的轴之一（它不必垂直于剖面）。如果要定义导线区域上的螺栓载荷，则始终假定螺栓轴方向为螺栓横截面处与导线的切线方向。
                      </p>
                      <p xmlns="" _msttexthash="1124983886" _msthash="17"><span
                          xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="ph"
                          _istranslated="1">Abaqus/CAE</span> 使用您指定的截面曲面和螺栓轴来定义预受拉截面数据和 <span
                          xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="ph"
                          _istranslated="1">Abaqus/Standard 使用的预</span>受拉参照节点。（有关详细信息，请参阅<a
                          href="https://abaqus-docs.mit.edu/2017/English/SIMACAEPRCRefMap/simaprc-c-pretension.htm"
                          _istranslated="1">规定的装配载荷</a>。</p>
                    </dd>
      
      
                    <dt xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="dlterm dt varlistterm"
                      _msttexthash="35846577" _msthash="18">一种应用加载的方法</dt>
      
                    <dd xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="dd varlistitem">
                      <p xmlns="" _msttexthash="148242874" _msthash="19">创建螺栓载荷时，必须选择以下载荷方法之一：</p>
                      <ul class="ul">
                        <li class="li">
                          <p xmlns="" _msttexthash="192836033" _msthash="20">对螺栓施加力。此方法模拟拧紧螺栓，使其承受指定的载荷。
                          </p>
                        </li>
      
                        <li class="li">
                          <p xmlns="" _msttexthash="229406190" _msthash="21">
                            调整螺栓长度。此方法模拟拧紧螺栓，直到其自由长度改变指定值。</p>
                        </li>
      
                        <li class="li">
                          <p xmlns="" _msttexthash="1649167338" _msthash="22">
                            将螺栓固定在其当前长度。仅当已在第一个分析步骤中创建载荷并且现在正在后续分析步骤中对其进行编辑时，此方法才可用。这种方法允许螺栓长度保持不变，以便螺栓中的力可以根据模型的响应而变化。
                          </p>
                        </li>
      
                      </ul>
      
      
                    </dd>
      
      
                    <dt xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="dlterm dt varlistterm"
                      _msttexthash="28433470" _msthash="23">所选方法的量级</dt>
      
                    <dd xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="dd varlistitem">
                      <p xmlns="" _msttexthash="377387400" _msthash="24">
                        如果要对螺栓施加力，则必须输入力大小。如果要调整螺栓长度，则必须输入长度变化。</p>
                    </dd>
      
                  </dl>
      
                  <p _msttexthash="1212894527" _msthash="25">
                    只能在第一个分析步骤中创建螺栓荷载，但可以在后续步骤中修改荷载方法或荷载大小。例如，您可以在第一步中施加特定的张力，然后在第二步中更改方法以固定螺栓长度。</p>
                  <p _msttexthash="210641535" _msthash="26">有关创建螺栓载荷的详细信息，请参见<a class="xref"
                      href="https://abaqus-docs.mit.edu/2017/English/SIMACAECAERefMap/simacae-t-advboltloadscreate.htm"
                      _istranslated="1">创建和编辑螺栓载荷</a>。</p>
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        <p><time datetime="2023-02-04" pubdate="2023-02-04">2023/02/04 19:38:11</time></p>
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